The Media Gives People A Distorted View Of Criminals .

The Media Gives People a Distorted View of Criminals Danielle Molisani Caledonia-Mumford Abstract This paper is about the way a person views criminals due to the media. Criminals can range from small offences such as robbery to more serious offences such as murder. Newspaper, magazines, books, and television are all examples of different ways a person can use media to gain knowledge about certain incidents. The media alters the way a person will view an incident because the source will only show select information. When the viewer continually sees the same persona of criminal, stereotypes start to form regarding characteristics of the criminal and their action regarding the crime committed. Introduction When you think of a†¦show more content†¦With all the various types of mass media it can consume a person s everyday life and impact how they view the world. A research study indicated people on average spend 15 hours a week watching television and 20% report their main source of news comes from the newspaper (Dowler, 2003). Due to long hours watching the television or reading the newspaper, the media alters people’s perceptions. The media can be selective in what they share with the public. This leads to incomplete information and voluntary reporting which creates false news (Hitch, 1998). The media is smart in what they portray to the public, they often report highly unlikely and unusual stories to grab the viewer s interest. The media can do this by giving large amounts of air time to sensationalized news incidents such as murder. The media makes criminals celebrities. Everyone knows the names of Jack the Ripper, Al Capone, and O.J. Simpson however, few know the names of all of their victims (Spitzberg, 2002). The media covered these incidences and most people received information about the cases from a media source. Due to large coverage serial killer merchandise such as t-shirts and posters have been put on the market for sale due to popular interest (Serial Killer and Popular Culture, 2003). The knowledge of these people and their crimes come from the media and is broadcasted to the public. The media gives the viewer insight into the criminal,Show MoreRelatedThe Crime Is An Act Essay1394 Words   |  6 Pagesinfatuated with criminal behaviour and the concept of crime itself, wither it is known through personal experience or daily conversations or more accurately through the media e.g. from films, newspapers and books etc. Media production goes through a process of mediation in which professional producer s select and reject which stories are news worthy or not. 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At crime scenes, lasers provide lighting to trackRead MoreThe Media And Its Impact On Minority Groups899 Words   |  4 Pagesentire community of people of the same religion, color or ethnicity etc. as terrorists or evil or with any other form of bigotry cannot be acceptable either. However, the mainstream media today tries to foster hate and intolerance among people towards minority groups. The shift in journalism from providing public with information to providing personal opinions and views is one of the major flaws in the media today and is a vital aspect of media bias. The fact that journalists, media celeb rities and activistsRead MoreA Nation Of Laws Must Rely On Law Enforcement1329 Words   |  6 PagesImagine what it would be like to live in a world without any laws or authority figures? For some people that projects an image of relief and bliss due to the fact that they can literally do what they please. 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Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) - 1359 Words

This paper explores the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as well as the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The virus has infected two million adults and children by the year 2005 already. The virus continues to race around the world, and new HIV infections are at 50,000 per year (Martine Peeters, Matthieu Jung, Ahidjo Ayouba) (2013). The final outcome of the HIV infection is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). There are many treatments that have developed to help the large number of people infected (Demmer, 2002). HIV greatly spread throughout Africa while originating with African chimpanzees. There are many different theories as to what started the HIV outbreaks, but all theories come to the same conclusion that there†¦show more content†¦Origins of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus The human immunodeficiency virus infecting humans originated as a natural infection from chimpanzees. HIV sporadically infected rural people that lived in isolated areas amongst the Congo. David M. Hills (2000) states in â€Å"Origins of HIV† that the virus had deadly outcomes. It quickly adapted to human beings. This became a human disease transmitted through blood and sexual contact. Tracing HIV to its roots, physicians recognized this virus as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and Kaposi’s sarcoma found in young homosexual men (Peeters et al., 2013). These observations are the beginning of an alertness of the HIV epidemic in the United States. The final outcome of the HIV infection is the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) (Dennis H Osmond; Susan Buchbinder; Amber Cheng; Allison Graves) (2002). There are two subtypes of the virus, HIV-1 and HIV-2. They both originate from the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) which was found in Africa. The source of the HIV-1 virus was in chimpanzees coming from central Africa. The source of HIV-2 virus was from west Africa derived from Soot Mangabey Monkeys (Rambout et al., 2001). HIV belongs to a family of viruses known as lentiviruses. Paul M. Sharp and Beatrice H. Hahn (2011) explain in their article that lentiviruses are viruses that slowly act over a long period of

Comparison Of Perugino And Caravaggio Essay Example For Students

Comparison Of Perugino And Caravaggio Essay The artists of the Baroque had a remarkably different style than artists of the Renaissance due to their different approach to form, space, and composition. This extreme differentiation in style resulted in a very different treatment of narrative. Perhaps this drastic stylistic difference between the Renaissance and Baroque in their treatment of form, space, and composition and how these characteristics effect the narrative of a painting cannot be seen more than in comparing Peruginos Christ Delivering the Keys of the Kingdom to St. Peter from the Early Renaissance to Caravaggios Conversion of St. Paul from the Baroque.Perugino was one of the greatest masters of the Early Renaissance whose style ischaracterized by the Renaissance ideals of purity, simplicity, and exceptional symmetry of composition. His approach to form in Christ Delivering the Keys of the Kingdom to St.Peter was very linear. He outlined all the figures with a black line giving them a sense of stability, permanence, and power in their environment, but restricting the figures sense of movement. In fact, the figures seem to not move at all, but rather are merely locked at a specific moment in time by their rigid outline. Peruginos approach to the figuresthemselves is extremely humanistic and classical. He shines light on the figures in a clear, even way, keeping with the rational and uncluttered meaning of the work. His figures are all locked in a contrapposto pose engaging in intellectual conversation with their neighbor, giving a strong sense of classical rationality. The figures are repeated over and over such as this to convey a rational response and to show the viewer clarity. Peruginos approach to space was also very rational and simple. He organizes space along three simple planes: foreground, middle ground, and background. Christ and Saint Peter occupy the center foreground and solemn choruses of saints and citizens occupy the rest of the foreground. The middle distance is filled with miscellaneous figures, which complement the front group, emphasizing its density and order, by their scattered arrangement. Buildings from the Renaissance and triumphal arches from Roman antiquity occupy the background, reinforcing the overall classical message to the painting even though the event represented in the painting took place long before the Roman Empire. The center temple that occupies the background has a vanishing point running through its doorway and if it werent for this illusionistic technique, the painting would be very two-dimensional. The combination of the vanishing point with three well-defined planes interlocks both two-dimensional and three-dimensional space, as well as organizing the action in the painting systematically.Peruginos approach to composition was, keeping conventional with the Renaissance style, also very rational and orderly. He employed the Early Renaissance compositional triangle giving clarity, static balance, and symmetrical order to the painting. At the base of the triangle, the central figures of Christ and Saint Peter are placed to give clarity to the subject matter. The static, straight lines used in his overall composition do not make the eye move from place to place, but rather makes the eye look at each object itself, see how it relates to the other objects around it, and then see how all the separate figures come together and create harmony. The overall clarity of the form, space, and composition that Perugino presents in this painting gives an overall clarity of narrative. In Renaissance art, the aim was the persuasion of the observer to the subject through the imitation of nature and beauty. Thus, Perugino gives the observer simple geometric forms in his composition that are found in nature and the repetition of basic forms that are found in nature. He paints beauty through clarity achieved by static balance and clarity achieved by clear lighting over the forms of his figures. All these elements of the Renaissance style and the goal of achieving symmetrical balance and clarity in a painting gives the painting a rational or classical narrative and the viewer a rational experience. .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1 , .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1 .postImageUrl , .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1 , .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1:hover , .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1:visited , .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1:active { border:0!important; } .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1:active , .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1 .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub318e37ec1f56702bab08c716c0185c1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Transcendentalism Essay The Baroque painter, Caravaggio, was the complete opposite of any Renaissance painter that had lived before him and because of this was probably the most revolutionary artist of his time. He abandoned the rules that had guided a century of artists before him and because of his dramatic break in style from the Italian Renaissance, he yields a completely different treatment of narrative.Caravaggios treatment of form in his Conversion of St. Paul is, to say the least, remarkably different from Peruginos treatment of form in his work. Instead of outlining Paul and his horse with lines, Caravaggio abandons this static style and implies movement by using a painterly style in which he uses paint to create an image and not rigid outlines. He uses color and value to create form, causing a sense of movement in the figures. They are not locked in time like Peruginos figures and convey the exact opposite message of classical, passive figures. These are strong, vibrant, and emotional figures. Perhaps the emotional aspect of the figures is created by Caravaggios introduction of dramatic light and dark effects, termed tenebrism. This technique was a great breakthrough in art, which added great emotional effects and mystery to the art. Caravaggio doesnt light Paul with a clear even light like Perugino would have, he gives Paul a dramatic light radiating out of his body for a conversion is a mysterious experience and the painting, Caravaggio believes, should portray this. In Peruginos work, there was a repetition of basic forms, which gives it order and clarity. In Caravaggios, there is not any repetition of forms. Paul is on his back, a man leans over to look at him, and his horse is in a spooked position. This variety of forms implies movement and adds emotional interest to the painting, rather than classical understanding.Rather than organizing space in simple planes like Perugino, Caravaggio does not apply planes to his work. Instead, he creates a receding effect in which planes gradually recede in to the distance. Again, this adds interest and mystery to the painting.He creates receding space by an implied vanishing point rather than the one that Perugino gives the observer. His perspective comes from a diagonal upwards, bringing the viewer into the painting as close as possible to the space and action of the scene. This diagonal,combined with the dramatic light effects in the painting, create an emotional response from the observer. While Peruginos approach to composition was symmetry and static balance, Caravaggios approach to composition was movement and dynamic balance. The predominant geometric shape in Conversion of St. Paul is not a static, symmetrical triangle, but a dynamic oval. This oval is not really there, but is implied by dynamic lines on the outer edges of figures. The oval shape implies great movement and gives the painting dynamic balance. The implied movement forces the eye to move and comprehend all of the figures in the painting as a whole, unlike Peruginos figures that exist in and of themselves and come together to create harmony. The figures in Caravaggios work have to exist with the other figures in the painting to be complete and this adds great mystery to the painting. Caravaggio brought new life and immediacy to the emotional aspect of painting. He abandoned the rules of Renaissance artists like Perugino that had idealized the human and religious experience, he rejected the preciosity of Renaissance theory and practice, and his emotional insight into his Conversion of St. Paul, was ideally suited to the aims of the Catholic Reformation. For the goal of Caravaggio as a Baroque artist, was to illustrate the subject in an emotional way, present an emotional narrative, and thus, get an emotional response. .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba , .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba .postImageUrl , .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba , .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba:hover , .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba:visited , .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba:active { border:0!important; } .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba:active , .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u31a3f5c5a02ccaddbbde4904041e47ba:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: 12 Angry Men Essay His overall representation of dynamic balance, painterly forms, variety of forms, gradual recession of space, and tenebrism create heightened mystery and that emotional narrative. Peruginos art was the art of classical persuasion, but Caravaggios art was the art of heightened persuasion because it persuaded the emotions.

The Different Roles Played By the Central Bank, Depository Institutions, and Depositors in the Determination of Money Supply

Introduction Until 2007 when a serious financial crisis engulfed the financial services sector, the mechanisms through which money circulated in the economy were considered as fully mastered by bankers, particularly central bankers. As such, central banks could effectively control these mechanisms by playing around with monetary control tools.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Different Roles Played By the Central Bank, Depository Institutions, and Depositors in the Determination of Money Supply specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On their part, depository institutions and depositors were also considered to play a largely defined role in the money supply. The shattering impact that the financial crisis had on monetary supply led to the need to relook into the traditional roles of these institutions which, together with the changes that have occurred in the way central banks control money supply, are explored in th is paper. The role of central banks in determination of money supply A Central Bank (referred to as the Federal Reserve Bank in the United States) is the financial institution mandated with the responsibility of controlling a country’s (or an economically unified region’s, like the European Union’s) monetary policy, value of currency, and credit supply. It also serves as banker to the government as well as of financial institutions, issues currency and ensures stability in the financial system of an economy, among other roles. The central bank in the United Kingdom is the Bank of England. Established in 1684, it served as banker to the government of England until late in the 18th century when its control was expanded to cover the whole of the UK. In regard to its role in determining the amount of money circulating in the economy as well as how the money moves around, the central bank is the sole issuer of national currency (the sterling pound) in England and Wal es. The central bank determines the optimal amount of money that should be circulating in the economy (monetary stability) through several monetary tools. One of the main tools is open market operation where the central bank, on behalf of the government, sets or manipulates the official interest rates on government securities such as Treasury Bills which, in turn, influences financial markets ‘prevailing lending rates. By setting, for example, the yield of Treasury Bills to be higher than the market rate of lending, the central bank is able to control the amount of money circulating in the economy (in this case the amount of money in circulation is reduced as people are induced to buy and hold short-term government securities which would earn them a decent return in the short-term, unlike cash which does not earn interest) (Adrian and Shin 2009, p.13). Manipulation of interest rates also helps the central bank to control the rate of inflation in an economy as well as improve t he strength of the currency of the country or an integrated monetary region.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Manipulation of overnight lending rates, otherwise referred to as short-term interest rate setting, is yet another important tool through which a central bank is able to effectively control the amount of money circulating in an economy. As this is the rate of lending in the inter-bank markets, a move to raise it has the consequence of raising the cost of borrowing not only between banks but also for consumers as banks tend to pass down the increase in cost to the final borrowers. Therefore, the borrowing from banks reduces along with the amount of money circulating in an economy. The discount window is yet another tool which not permits a central bank to set monitory policies but also allows depository institutions – in case they find themselves in shortage of reserve balances – to borrow these from central banks under certain conditions set by the bank and at a specified (usually higher) rate (Brunnermeier, Crockett, Goodhart, Persaud and Shin 2009, p.16). The discount window has the effect of reducing money supply in the economy; a higher rate of borrowing only increases the cost of borrowing to the banks and subsequently to the final borrowers, which discourages borrowing. Central banks also require depository institutions to maintain a certain proportion of deposits taken as reserves in the form of cash. This cash is to be kept in their vault or be deposited at the central banks. Depository institutions and money supply Deposit institutions such as credit unions, savings banks, savings and loans associations, and more importantly commercial banks, hold a significantly large proportion of a the money stock of a country and, therefore, play a critically important role in the supply of money to the economy, as well as the transmis sion of monetary policies to the real economy through the financial services markets, depositors/savers, and borrowers (The Federal Reserve Bank of New York n.d, p.1). Depository institutions hold money in the form of various types of deposits transfer of which they allow to enable payments. Also, one of their core businesses is lending of the funds they hold directly to businesses and direct consumers. These functions, in addition to the banks investing directly in securities, make depository institutions the focal point of money distribution in an economy (Bodie, Kane and Marcus 2008, p.523). As such, they play a critical role in acting as the link between savers and borrowers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Different Roles Played By the Central Bank, Depository Institutions, and Depositors in the Determination of Money Supply specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Commercial banks, in spited of a considerably decline in their share of business, still enjoy the lion’s share of business as well as influence so far as taking of deposits and lending activities are concerned. Money creation by commercial banks: The requirement by central banks that depository institutions maintain a minimum reserve for deposits taken brings about the concept of money creation by depository institutions. Consider a bank with a total of  £100,000 in deposits: If, for instance, the central bank requires that 10% of all deposits taken be set aside as minimum reserve, then the commercial bank taking the deposit – ideally speaking – would be left with  £90,000 to lend out to borrowers (90% of the deposits). If the borrower deposits the full amount in the same or another bank, the ten percent minimum reserve rule will apply to the deposit just as in the first deposit, and the bank will have  £81,000 to lend out after setting aside  £9,000 as minimum reserve. If, hypothetically, the proce ss continues until the there is no possibility of re-lending the money (the excess amount available for lending out is zero), the accumulated amount from the above chain of multiple deposit expansion would be  £1,000,000;  £ 900,000 more than the original deposit. Thus, through this process, â€Å"money† is said to have been â€Å"created† by the depository institution (Baumol and Blinder 2009, p.636). This â€Å"excess† amount can similarly be determined using the money multiplayer equation which states; Money Multiplier = 1/Reserve RequirementAdvertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In reality, leakage of money in the banking system occurs because not tall money borrowed in a bank or any other depository institution is re-deposited into a depository institution; leave alone the money being deposited into the bank from which the funds were originally borrowed (Baumol and Blinder 2009, p.637). A fraction of it, for instance, is likely to be held as currency. This leakage diminishes the money multiplier to an amount less than the inverse of the required minimum reserve, thus reducing the amount of money created through the multiple deposit expansion process. Depositors in the determination of the money supply The role of depositors in money supply can best be explained by the concept of money creation as discussed in the preceding topic. Through their decision on what proportion of their money to hold in the form of cash and what proportion to deposit as savings in depository institution, depositors tremendously influence the flow of money in an economy. How the c onduct of monetary policy by central banks changed during the recent credit crunch The financial crisis that began in 2007 highlighted the changing role of financial institutions. Unlike in the past where central banks were in virtually total control of inflation as well as business cycles, deflation – rather than inflation – became a huge source of worry for central banks and economists alike as interest rates tumbled towards zero rate (The Economist 2009, p.1). In addition, it became extremely hard to do pricing of risks leave alone doing efficient allocation of credit (Adrian and Shin 2009a, p.603). As a result of the financial crisis, central banks have been forced to re-examine the traditional approaches to monetary and fiscal control and have had to reach for other untested monetary as well as fiscal tools. One of the most important changes in the way of doing business adopted by central banks has been central banks taking on the responsibility of making some of the fundamental judgments about the financial markets previously left to the â€Å"rational and efficient† private sector. This was essentially triggered by the significantly huge blow that the traditionally balanced relationship between players in the financial markets suffered at the height of the financial crisis (Drehmann, Sorensen and Stringa 2006, p.4). Therefore, central banks – through combining more kinds of collateral and credit, as well as credit periods – expanded their lending activities. For instance, the ECB (European Central Bank) began guaranteeing loans taken by commercial banks for a period of up to six months; up from the traditional one week. In the US, the ‘fed’ decided to begin providing loans to investment banks in dire need of cash, the Bank of Japan took more drastic measures by buying equities in stressed banks. On its part, the central bank in Switzerland, Swiss National Bank, went as far as trying to artificially manipul ate the price of its currency. In regard to the changes that occurred in the way central banks conduct their business, the banks found themselves with no choice but to turn from being lenders of last resort to lenders of both first and last resort after commercial banks could no longer trust each others’ ability to repay loans acquired through inter-bank borrowing (Adrian and Shin 2009b). Consequent to the above developments, central banks have been given more authority by their home governments to conduct in-depth supervision of financial institutions. This move, although widely seen as largely necessary to tame rouge bankers, comes with some negative implications. For example, it has the potential of dragging politics into the running of central banks across the world, which challenges a vital element of the pre-2007 consensus about central banking: that central should be separated from politics completely (Levine 2010, p.11). This isolation had effectively managed to repel strong desires by politicians â€Å"to play fast and loose† with inflation (The Economist 2009, p.4). Conclusion Central banks and depository institutions play a tremendous role in managing the circulation of money in an economy. However, the 2007 financial crisis had a huge impact on the traditional perspectives on how money moves around in an economy. Serious doubts emerged about the effectiveness of the monetary control approaches and tools traditionally adopted by central bankers in handling tumulus economic times. Thus, central banks have been forced to re-look into the tools they have traditionally adopted in managing the financial services industry. Also, it is recommended that central banks improvise some of the monetary control tools. Reference List Adrian T, and Shin HS (2010) [internet] The Changing Nature of Financial Intermediation and the Financial Crisis of 2007-09, Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Report No. 439. Web. Adrian, T Shin, HS (2009a) â€Å" Money, liquidity and monetary policy† in American Economic Review vol.99, pp.600–605 Adrian, T Shin HS (2009b) [internet] â€Å"Prices and quantities in the monetary policy transmission mechanism† in International Journal of Central Banking vol.5 no.4 [available from https://www.newyorkfed.org/medialibrary/media/research/staff_reports/sr396.pdf] Baumol, WJ, Blinder, AS (2009) Economics: Principles and Policy. 11th ed. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning Bodie, Z. Kane, A Marcus, A (2008) Essentials of Investments 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Brunnermeier, M, Crockett, A, Goodhart, C, Persaud, A Shin, H (2009) Fundamental Principles of Financial Regulation London: Centre for Economic Policy Research Drehmann, M, Sorensen, S Stringa, M (2006) [internet] â€Å"The impact of credit and interest rate risk on banks: an economic value and a capital adequacy perspective’, mimeo, Bank of England [available from https://www.bis.org/bcbs/events/rtf06stringa_etc.pdf] Le vine, R (2010) [internet] â€Å"The governance of financial regulation: reform lessons from the recent crisis†, BIS Working Papers No 329 [available from https://www.bis.org/publ/bppdf/bispap55.pdf] The Economist (Apr 23rd 2009) [internet] The Monetary-Policy Maze [available from https://www.economist.com/briefing/2009/04/23/the-monetary-policy-maze] The Federal Reserve Bank of New York (n.d) [internet] The Role of Depository institutions. Web. This essay on The Different Roles Played By the Central Bank, Depository Institutions, and Depositors in the Determination of Money Supply was written and submitted by user A1nsley to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

History of the Unification of Germany essays

History of the Unification of Germany essays In 1815, the country of Germany was divided into 39 independent and separate states. The country's main goal at the time was unification, but nationalists (supporters of a small Germany) and liberals (the German supporters) quarreled over whether to unify Germany under Prussia or include Austria in the process. The attempts to unify Germany and make it liberal failed miserably due to uncompromising attitudes between the two groups, which differed in political opinions. The nationalists, who wanted Germany unified under Prussia, refused to accept a liberal with the crown, and only accepted German princes with it (Doc 3). Many of them, like Bismarck, believed unity occurred with war and conquest (Doc 4). The nationalists were pro- nobility, anti-liberal, and believed that the Junkers were the state because their purpose was to defend their country and control the serfs (Doc 7). The Junkers also resolved to defend God and the King aside from the "Prussian Fatherland." (Doc. 15) They display these feelings of defense as they refuse an imperial crown and show no mercy by calling the liberals, beggars with no money and no laws (Doc. 21). It seems apparent that some people, like King William who believed without the Junkers, Prussia would cease to exist, looked down upon the liberals and conveyed this through their words of hate. The documents and their strong feelings of disregard reflected their opposition because of different views of how to unify G ermany (Doc 8). King Frederick IV also believed that the wall between Germany and unification was the threat from the enemies of the Junkers. He believed Austria was not the cause of threat, reflecting opposition towards the liberals (Doc. 18). Similar to these beliefs were the beliefs of the Junkers who did not think highly of their opposition, thought of them as bankrupt cast-offs, and believed that they were not worthy of even a glass of water (Doc. 21). This case also portrays the confli...

buy custom Commercial or Business Law essay

buy custom Commercial or Business Law essay Commercial or business law refers to set of rules that govern and guide parties involved in a business agreement or a transaction. These laws govern the activities of the persons or the parties within the transaction. For example for business contract to be signed between two parties there has to be a drawn rules on what each party is expected and their obligation in a specified business transaction. These rules were developed to reduce conflicts resulting from one partys failure to meet their part of bargain and to help in arbitration or litigation in case a disagreement arose . The principle of fact in law refers to a statement which can be substantiated or established by experiment or observation. A fact can be true or force when re-tested with better instruments. In law a for a statement to be a fact it has to demonstrate a cause of action, to determine whether evidence submitted is admissible or can stand trial, as a ground for possible appeal of the case if the needs arose and by authority to establish whether a possible crime have been committed or law broken (Beatty Samuelson, 2010). In the case presented between McClain and octagon Plc these are some of the facts presented from both sides; Octagon Plc leased premises to McClain on five years tenure and the necessary documents were signed by both the two parties. The area had been estimated and the owners of Octagon confirmed to McCain that they were sure of the measurements. The measureents were estimated to occupy 23% of the whole premises and so McCain was to also pay 23% of the open premises (Bak hitiari Uhl, 2012, pp 101-107). The facts provided by owners of Octagon were accepted by trial court on the favor of Octagon but when rested by appeal court, they failed to stand the test of evidence given. It is also evident from their dealings that, Octagon had hidden important facts to the McClain and used that to fraud her. Business law puts a lot of emphasize a lot of importance on the issue of fact and effects of lack of concrete evidence. The business law put a lot of importance on the presentation of fact and makes them abided. In business contracts, the issue of facts has to be applied in presentation of the tenets to the contract; this will protect the parties in dealings and offer room for litigation or arbitration in case of disagreement arising between the two parties. For any contract to be abiding and valid, it has to be based on facts. From the contract signed between the two parties, there are lots of issues about the law; there was lack of complete disclosure by the one party on what constitute the building this was due to lack of good faith on the side of the Octagon Company. The content of the contract was not complete in matters of law as it needs to have been signed before an attorney or an advocate, after receiving and independent report from property agent nominated by consent of the two parties. This couldd have protected the client who suffered loss due to overstatement of the space. The contract was not drawn with consent of the advocates for the two parties as it favored the owner by giving his sides leeway to make many assumptions. The trial court and the appeal court have been drawn into law tussle in interpretation of the contract. The trial court interpretation of the contract was not done basing on what the whole document contained and thus made a decision to indemnify the octagon plc from any act of wrong doing. The content of the contract was not drawn legally and that made the second court to overturn the ruling of the first court. From the legal point, the agreement between the two parties was drawn basing more on the basis of faith and trust between the two parties which the octagon did not uphold leading to financial loss of the McClain. There were overstatement and misrepresentation of the facts, which favored Octagon holdings and less to loss of money by other party. The agreement was legal but Octagon made it appear social bringing loss to McClain. In legal form, octagon should cater for the financial loss incurred by McClain. McClain is also to blame as she was ignorant of the whole process. In conclusion, every business contract has to be based on facts which will guide what each party present and the other accept. The contact assists when the issue of disagreement between the parties arose. Buy custom Commercial or Business Law essay

Summarizing the article with your opinion what AtlantiCare was working Essay

Summarizing the article with your opinion what AtlantiCare was working toward and if it would be successful - Essay Example AtlantiCare intends to become a successful ACO through coordination of healthcare and clinical outcomes of the patients it serves (HFMA, 2011). Secondly, the organization will work closely with its partners as well as the providers in order to establish defined clinical standards that will be appropriate and of high quality. Lastly, the organization intends to create new partnerships with some of the skilled nursing facilities and other providers as well as rehabilitation centers in order to create networks of high value. According to the vice president Schieder, AtlantiCare will move towards the accountable care by putting the patient experience at the lead of its goals. She is also of the idea that an organization cannot succeed if the people it serves are not at the centre of its framework. AtlantiCare has three key strategies to achieve its goals. One of the strategies adopted by AtlantiCare is launching a new lab for learning (HFMA, 2011). It will start a medical home from scratch citing that it is easier than transforming the existing ones. The reason is that the delivery, as well as the payment systems, will be redesigned simultaneously. The new model has the name â€Å"advanced primary care†, and according to the vice president, it has proven to be a better care. Another thing with the model is that it is linked to a few ED (emergency department) visits and hospital admissions. The second strategy involves identifying the patients’ needs. AtlantiCare recognizes the fact that patient experience is indeed important when it comes to growth and market share. The organization hopes to use surveys and focus groups to seek the patient inputs to help it create its ACO. It, however, identifies some challenges in monitoring its effectiveness in meeting all its needs. The last strategy is about using the satisfaction data in other new ways (HFMA, 2011). It involves directives to the physicians to standardize the

Researching politics and international relations Essay

Researching politics and international relations - Essay Example To understand the scientific rigor regarding researching, one must focus on the types and the different methods of research. There are numerous methods of research. However, we narrow our researching methods down to two ways; the Qualitative and the Quantitative method. There are numerous methods of research. However, we narrow our researching methods down to two ways; the Qualitative and the Quantitative method. Each is a scientific method much used and approved, by researchers. Before reverting to our topic, it is better to have an extensive overview of the scientific method, quantitative and qualitative methods(Brady&Collier,2004). The research process itself is extremely complex with several variables staying in effect at one time. It is important for the researcher to ensure that the focus remains on the subject that is being researched. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are as different as day and night. Scientists use them to test casual theories. Qualitative mainly fo cuses on how and where. It pertains to the quality of the data, e.g. the quality of a sample , is it randomly taken or is it specific(King ,Keohan ,Verba,1994). However, quantitative method includes all the finer mounts and pertains to the quantity of the data, e.g. a sample of a large population maybe a small sample or a large one. The sample size typically depends upon the objective of the research and what the researcher is basically aiming to identify. Quantitative Method: Generally speaking, scientists use this method for statistical analysis.It is defined as a method of research which focuses on numbers. Nowadays, all types of quantitative methods are required in almost every discipline of social science. This is because they help quantify different aspects of the research along with different phenomenon linked to the variables of the research. Generally, after the experiments are held, researchers use statistics to determine the result of their experiments. Statistical analys is is done by taking out a sample from the experiment and is used to determine the approval or disapproval of the entire group. Quantitative research is based on statistical analysis and can be easily replenished. This method is preferred because of its accuracy in social sciences. The fact is the quantitative researches helps quantify the different questions that the researcher has posed for the purpose of the research. There is no aspect of subjectivity involved here, whereas qualitative research can at times be limited because it is more opinion based than anything else and cannot be generalized easily. Quantitative research is done when subjective formulation of theories has been done in the field of study. The quantitative method of data collection is highly systematized and efficient. The major component of quantitative research is how vague concepts of quantity are measured so that statistical tests can be run on their differences between groups(Manion&Morrison,2000). The qua ntitative data collected is analyzed via statistical databases.If the results of the experiments on the data are significant then it is used to propose a valid hypothesis. Quantitative research of any sample of collected data is systematized and rigorous, which is easier to duplicate and resurrect. The main criticism this method holds is that focuses on one point of the data. Qualitative Method: Miles and Huberman defined Qualitative method as the method that uses words instead of numbers( Miles&Huberman,1994). It is considered â€Å"soft† in regard with quantitative methods of research. Within the vast framework of qualitative research there are numerous methods to compile data and results. Qualitative research is very important in the fields of psychology and anthropology because this method probes in deeper into the data to dig out results, which often cannot be analyzed as thoroughly due to other systematic errors.When data based on quantity comes up, we use traditional q uantitative methodology. However, when researchers are up against data

Is the Chinese Renminbi Undervalued Essay Example for Free

Is the Chinese Renminbi Undervalued Essay Since July 2005, first time being revalued after 11 years of fixing at 8.27, Chinese Yuan has been heading towards only one direction – all the way from 8.27 to 6.27. Although Yuan is a highly regulated currency by government, Chinese officials could no longer peg the Yuan as it used to be in a closed economy because WTO had opened up doors for Chinese manufacturers in 2001 to export cheap goods and services to developed countries. With trillions of foreign capital flooding into the country, Yuan has appreciated over 30% over seven years. However, this one-way money flow cannot be sustained. Though it is not sure whether Yuan is at the absolute equilibrium, it is currently neither significantly undervalued nor overvalued. This essay is going to explain why Yuan is modestly priced with analysis in both the fundamentals and money flows. Needs for appreciation in past In theory, two open economies should have equivalent purchasing power – that is, if 10 units of foreign currency can buy something that is valued at 1 unit of domestic currency, the implied equilibrium exchange rate should also be 10(domestic as based money). Otherwise, there is an arbitrage opportunity. We call this Purchase Power Parity. In reality, despite some limitations about this theory, it explains most of the valuation problem in China. Take a look at China’s Balance of Payments over 2003-2010 and it is obvious to observe huge surplus annually in both current and capital financial account, accumulating to a foreign reserve of $3.3 trillion. Reach equilibrium? At the government level, on one hand, it had to increase money base to maintain exchange rate against USD at a gradual appreciation pace. On the other hand, it needs to hold huge foreign assets, primarily in USD, to back up its currency from deprecation in the event of capital outflows. Amid the money inflow, Chinese central bank faced mounting pressure of inflation on local assets. The private sectors are impacted in two ways. Firstly, Chinese residents and companies feel much richer now because higher RMB increases their purchase power of foreign assets. This means more imports and capital account outflows. Secondly, inflation and appreciation means that Chinese products and services are more expensive. And this would lead to less exports. Pew Survey showed that 70% of Chinese people feel financially better off than five years ago, which among the best in the world. In the last a few years, the fact of continues Yuan appreciation, associated with stories about how China is cash rich and how Chinese investors are buying everything they can in the world, raises interesting discussion if Yuan had appreciated enough. There is also a trend that more goods are manufactured in new WTO members such as Nepal and Vietnam that have price advantage over China. Moreover, in the currency forward market, investors have priced in modest depreciation for Yuan in the next 12 months and spot market is no longer moving towards one direction. Data shows†¦ All those various observations reveal the same process that drives RMB exchange rate to an equilibrium level. Recent data also suggests that at current FX level, the rise in trade surplus and capital finance account surplus slowed (see chart below). So does foreign reserve. What does it means? If we apply a popular formula: Capital out flow = Foreign Reserve – FDI – Trade surplus Numbers imply that 62.4 – 128.5 – 145.8 = 211.9 billions has flown out of China in the first three quarters of 2012. Although this estimation still lacks of actual evidence, the scale of growth slowing down in foreign reserve in 2012 is worth attention since it is so large that it is hard to be justified by seasonal adjustment or calculation period discrepancy. This might signal the start of reverse capital flows of Yuan, which means Yuan is no longer undervalued. Ultimately†¦ The answer to Yuan’s valuation problem is complex especially given that it is still mostly controlled by government and there are so many dynamic factors to consider. So far there are some money flows and data support the conclusion that Yuan is no longer significantly undervalued. In the long run, as expectation of Chinese government to allow a fully conversion Yuan is built on, maybe the real answer can only be found out by then.

A Comparative Study of Evolution and Religion in Education in the United States and China :: Compare Contrast Religious Essays

A Comparative Study of Evolution and Religion in Education in the United States and China Buddhism does not believe in a creator god. It accepts modern ideas about the universe. Hinduism believes that the universe existed first, and then the divine spirit awoke within it and seeded itself and formed Brahma, who is the God. Hinduism, similar to Buddhism, has an evolutionary perspective of life. Both religions accept Darwin’s evolution theory. Islam, Christianity and Judaism all share the same Mesopotamian mythologies (http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/sosteacher/re/37690.shtml). Over half of the world’s population believes in these religions. They believe the world was created by God in six days, which was recorded in the first chapter of Genesis of the Bible. God created the heaven and earth in the beginning and He created day and night on the first day. Then He separated water from the sky on the second day. On the third day God created vegetation, and on the fourth day He created the Sun, the moon and stars to govern day and night. On the fifth day, God created living creatures that live in the water and fly in the sky. One the sixth day, God made the land to produce living creatures on land, and He said â€Å"let us make man in our image, in our likeness, and let them rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air, over the livestock, over all the earth and overall the creatures that move along the ground.† God created man in his own image, and He told man to be fruitful and multiply. On the seventh day, God rested from all the creation he had done. What is evolution? The Merriam-Webster Dictionary has many definition of the term â€Å"evolution† (http://www.m-w.com/). The one definition that this paper is mainly referring to is as follows: â€Å"a theory that the various types of animals and plants have their origin in other preexisting types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modifications in successive generations.† Evolution is tightly associated with Charles Darwin. The British naturalist was under the influence of Charles Lyell, who argued in his book Principles of Geology that the Earth was shaped by accumulative, gradual changes instead of great catastrophes. Darwin traveled with the Beagle around the world and collected specimen. He published his book Origin of species in 1859. The two major themes or Darwin’s theory are â€Å"Descent with Modification† and â€Å"Natural selection and adaptation. A Comparative Study of Evolution and Religion in Education in the United States and China :: Compare Contrast Religious Essays A Comparative Study of Evolution and Religion in Education in the United States and China Buddhism does not believe in a creator god. It accepts modern ideas about the universe. Hinduism believes that the universe existed first, and then the divine spirit awoke within it and seeded itself and formed Brahma, who is the God. Hinduism, similar to Buddhism, has an evolutionary perspective of life. Both religions accept Darwin’s evolution theory. Islam, Christianity and Judaism all share the same Mesopotamian mythologies (http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/sosteacher/re/37690.shtml). Over half of the world’s population believes in these religions. They believe the world was created by God in six days, which was recorded in the first chapter of Genesis of the Bible. God created the heaven and earth in the beginning and He created day and night on the first day. Then He separated water from the sky on the second day. On the third day God created vegetation, and on the fourth day He created the Sun, the moon and stars to govern day and night. On the fifth day, God created living creatures that live in the water and fly in the sky. One the sixth day, God made the land to produce living creatures on land, and He said â€Å"let us make man in our image, in our likeness, and let them rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air, over the livestock, over all the earth and overall the creatures that move along the ground.† God created man in his own image, and He told man to be fruitful and multiply. On the seventh day, God rested from all the creation he had done. What is evolution? The Merriam-Webster Dictionary has many definition of the term â€Å"evolution† (http://www.m-w.com/). The one definition that this paper is mainly referring to is as follows: â€Å"a theory that the various types of animals and plants have their origin in other preexisting types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modifications in successive generations.† Evolution is tightly associated with Charles Darwin. The British naturalist was under the influence of Charles Lyell, who argued in his book Principles of Geology that the Earth was shaped by accumulative, gradual changes instead of great catastrophes. Darwin traveled with the Beagle around the world and collected specimen. He published his book Origin of species in 1859. The two major themes or Darwin’s theory are â€Å"Descent with Modification† and â€Å"Natural selection and adaptation.

Einstein- A Life in Science

This critical account, addresses the life of Albert Einstein, surrounding his remarkable scientific discoveries, unwrapped by the authors Michael White and John Gribbin in a book published in 1993. The book has evoked and attracted great interest from magazines and newspapers. If you have ever wondered what `E=mcà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½` means, this is definitely the book for you. The book elaborates one of Einstein's most renowned theories, that of Quantum physics for which he received the infamous Nobel Prize. Einstein used to be a Patent Officer, which he enjoyed because he had a great deal of spare time to accomplish his scientific work. He died on the eighteenth of April 1955. His brain was removed for medical research, which you would find astonishing as it makes one think, would Einstein have really wanted his brain removed? The book explains the theory of relativity (E=mc2), extremely well. The theory was based on two subsequent variables: Firstly, `echoing` which as explained by Newton, was that the speed of light is the same for all observers, irrespective of what their relative speed is. If an American rocket, for example, had a physics lab on board and was launched in one direction, and the same was done with a Japanese rocket, sent off in the opposite direction, any experiments carried out on either rocket would be exactly the same. The second postulate uses Maxwell's equations, which conclude that light is constant so it is written as `c`. This led to Einstein's predictions, which were not `commonsensical.` He predicted that a moving ruler and everything around it shrinks and gets heavier, while a moving clock runs slow. If an observer sees a spaceship going past him at three-quarters of the speed of light, and another one flies in the opposite direction at the same speed, observers in either spaceship will measure the relative speed of the other spaceship as 0.96c, not 1.5c as the time slows down. This shows that the closer a person travels to the speed of light, the slower the time will get. If someone travels at the speed of light, time will stop. `E=mcà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½` means that energy is equal to mass at rest. When mass disappears, for example in a nuclear fission process, this amount of energy must appear in some other form. This also tells us the total energy of a particle of mass, `m`, sitting at rest. Einstein formed part of the team working on the atomic bomb. It was calculated that a vast amount of energy released in a fission reaction would be used in an atomic bomb. Einstein agreed to be the spokesman for the scientific community and sign a letter persuading Roosevelt to take action. He was later known as the father of the atomic bomb because of this. The result was devastating. This was against Einstein's pacifist views but he had no choice as the Nazis could build the bomb if the allies did not. Since then, the Americans and Russians have been racing in warfare. The atomic bomb was built by the USA. The Russians followed. It was an arms race between the Democratic and Communist world. The USA made the hydrogen bomb, Russia eventually caught up. Then the USA built the nuclear bomb. Several other countries built the nuclear bomb too. His strong pacifist views and political views also made him a marvellous person with the public. Einstein A Life in Science is an excellent book and is worth recommending to those who are curious about what `E=mcà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½` means. It is fascinating to learn that Einstein based his work on the remarkable achievements made by other scientists such as Newton and Maxwell. I would recommend this book to the older audience, particularly to those who have an interest in relativity and quantum physics. This is a very interesting book, which I enjoyed reading because there is a lot to learn about Einstein's life and his incredible work. One should not get put off by looking at the thickness of the book and the small print writing. Once you get into this book, you will not want to stop reading. Overall, I do not think this book explains the science very clearly. I had to read through the special theory of relativity twice before I understood the concept clearly. This book needs to be more concise so the reader can understand the concept more easily because it can be confusing at times. The language used in this book is at a high level, so the younger audience will find it hard to understand the concept. On the other hand, the variety of sentence structures stops the reader from getting bored. This book is a great example to people as the message is that if one works to their utmost potential, they can achieve a lot.

Rock “N” Rap

Homework 12 Rock ‘n’ Rap Gabriel Gonzalez Block: 4 It costs the company an average of $15,000 to produce a rock CD and an average of $12,000 to produce a rap CD. Also, it takes about 18 hours to produce a rock CD and about 25 hours to produce a rap CD. The company can afford to spend up to $150,000 on production next month. Also, the company will spend at least 175 hours on production. The company earns $20,000 in profit on each rock CD it produces and $30,000 in profit on each rap CD it produces. But the company recently promised its distributor that it would not release more rap music than rock. The company needs to decide how many of each type of CD to make. Note: It can make a fraction of a CD next month and finish it the next month after. Graph the feasible region. X- # of Rock CD’s; Y- # of Rap CD’s *Available Money: X15+Y12*175 18(0)+25y=175†¦. 25y=175†¦175/25=7=y, x=0 18x+25(0)=175†¦. 18x=175†¦175/18=9. 7=x, y=0 *X>*Y†¦(More Rock CD’s must be made than Rap CD’s) X=0, y0 a. Find at least three combinations of rock and rap CDs that would give the company a profit of $120,000, and mark these points in one color on your graph. The combinations do not have to be in the feasible region. ) Profit=x20,000+y30,000 x=6, y=0 x=0, y=4 x=3, y=2 b. In a different color, mark points on your graph that will earn $240,000 in profits. x=12, y=0 x=0, y=8 x=9, y=2 x=3, y=6 x=6, y=4 Find out how many CDs the company should make of each type next month to maximize its profit. It should make 5 and five ninths of each CD to maximize profit. I know this because this is the highest point in the feasible region. Explain how you found an answer to Question 3 and why you think your answer gives the maximum profit. I know this because this is the highest point in the feasible region. I it’s hard to tell exactly just by graphing so the problem must be solved algebraically. I know that the lines â€Å"x=y† and â€Å"15,000x+12,000y-150,000† intersect at the highest point of the feasible region. Because x is equal to y, both coordinates must be the same. I inserted 3 different coordinates for both x and y and got that the coordinates (5. 6,5. 6) will give me the greatest profit that is closest to 150,000. A Rock ‘n’ Rap Variation Suppose the conditions were the same as in homework 12 except that the profits were reversed. In other words, suppose the company made $30,000 profit on each rock CD and $20,000 profit on each rap CD. Profit: 30,000x+20,000y Would this change your advice to the company about how many CDs of each type to produce to maximize its profit? If so, how many of each type should the company make, and what would be the profit? Explain your answer. My answer would stay the same because x will still be equal to y, and the money available to spend won’t change. Since these are the only two lines that are taken into account, my advice would stay constant.

Romero Surname Meaning and Origin

Romero Surname Meaning and Origin The Romero  surname originated as a nickname applied to travelers from the western (Roman) empire who had to pass through the eastern (Byzantine) empire on their way to the holy land, from the word  romero, meaning  a pilgrim, or one who visits a shrine.  According to the Instituto Genealà ³gico e Histà ³rico Latino-Americano, the Romero surname originated principally in the Spanish areas of Galicia, Aragà ³n, Valencia, Catalonia, Andalusia, and Castile. Romero is the  28th most common Hispanic surname.  Romarin is a French version of this surname, while Romer is the German variation. Surname origin:  Spanish, Italian Alternate surname spellings:  Romerro, Romarin, Romer Famous People With the Surname Romero George A. Romero: American film director, best known for Night of the Living DeadOscar Romero: Former  Archbishop of San SalvadorCà ©sar Romero: Cuban-American actor and dancer Where Do People With the Surname Live? The surname distribution data at  Forebears  ranks Romero as the 227th most common surname in the world, identifying it as most prevalent in Mexico and with the highest density in Honduras. The Romero surname is the 12th most common surname in Argentina, 13th in Venezuela, 15th in Ecuador, and 18th in Spain and Honduras. Within Europe, Vargas is most frequently found in Spain, according to  WorldNames PublicProfiler, especially in the southern provinces of the Andalucia region.  The surname is also common throughout the southwestern United States, especially in the state of New Mexico. Genealogy Resources Research Hispanic Heritage: Learn how to get started researching  your Hispanic ancestors, including the basics of family tree research and country-specific organizations, genealogical records, and resources for Spain, Latin America, Mexico, Brazil, the Caribbean, and other Spanish speaking countries.Romero Family Crest - Its Not What You Think: Contrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Romero family crest or coat of arms for the Romero surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male-line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted.  Romero Family Genealogy Forum: Search this popular genealogy forum for the Romero surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Romero query.FamilySearch - Romero Genealogy: Access over 2.6 million free historical records and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Romero surname and its va riations on this free genealogy website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. GeneaNet - Romero Records: GeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Romero surname, with a concentration on records and families from France, Spain, and other European countries. Sources Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998.Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997.Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

A Night in the MVSEVM

A Night in the MVSEVM A Night in the MVSEVM A Night in the MVSEVM By Maeve Maddox A reader, noticing the way the word museum is engraved on some statues and entrances, writes: I am wondering why the word Museum is spelled Mvsevm . . . on many older things like statues. Until the twentieth century, classical Latin was an indispensable part of the school curriculum. Anyone who had been to school beyond the age of seven had at least a smattering. What are now called elementary schools or grade schools were once known as grammar schools. When the term grammar school originated, the grammar meant was Latin grammar. Because Latin was regarded as being much classier than English, it was often used to commemorate special occasions. For example, Latin was the language of choice on diplomas, ceremonial proclamations and stone inscriptions on statues, tombs, and museum entrances. The classical Latin alphabet did not contain the letters J, W or U: A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T V X Y Z It did not have what we call lowercase letters either. Latin inscriptions, therefore, were written in all capital letters. The letter V stood for both the vowel sound we represent with the letter U and the consonant sound we represent with the letter W. During the second century CE the rounded U form of the V appeared in Latin writing. A carved inscription that substitutes a V where English would use a U is supposed to look like classical Latin. Hence the capitals and the Vs for Us. Besides, Id guess that its much easier to make a V with a chisel than a U. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:English Grammar 101: All You Need to KnowThe Writing ProcessHow Many Sentences in a Paragraph?

Write a critical review (2500 words) of a health or social care issue Essay - 2

Write a critical review (2500 words) of a health or social care issue currently facing East London - Essay Example The East End of London is the East London’s subset, which corresponds to the regions that are nearer to the ancient city. Nevertheless, the development of the city towards the east was as a result of the growth of industries that were lined or associated with River Themes like the docks and the building of the ships. Since these industries started declining during the later part of the twentieth century, now the area of East London is a region of regeneration. This has actually reached the advanced stages in the London Docklands, however, it is still continuing in the East London parts that fall within the Thames Gateway, like the Stratford’s redevelopment which is linked to the Summer Olympics of the year 2012 (Barts and East London, 2011). The areas that fall further east were developed during the Edwardian and Victorian periods as a result of the railways expansion during the nineteenth century. The development of the suburban residences for the purposes of private sale later came to be matched by the offering of social housing on large scale in the 1920s at Becontree and Harold Hill after World War I. Nevertheless, we find that the constraining of the urban footprint was done by the protection or preservation of the Epping Forest in the year 1878 and later the Metropolitan Green Belt’s implementation. The intensity of development rose in the period of interwar and new companies developed in Dagenham like Ford. The population in the Tower Hamlets reached its highest in the year 1891 and then the population growth was limited to the outer boroughs. The population had peaked in each borough and the whole region was experiencing a fall in the population growth. According to the census of the year 2011, this was s een to be reversed and each borough has seen some increase in the population. The region of East London evidently has a rich history but has not lacked some setbacks in many aspects

The Impact of Stevedoring & Its Implications on the Port Productivity Research Proposal

The Impact of Stevedoring & Its Implications on the Port Productivity - Research Proposal Example This was done in an effort to increase efficiency in the delivery of services at the port. Whereas the port has been widely successful in carrying out its functions, its efficiency has been affected by the poor operation of stevedoring. These constitute all institutions, public and private, as well as individuals involved in the loading and offloading of goods from ships at the docks. This proposal seeks to lay the ground for the implementation of a study to establish the relationship between stevedores and service delivery at the Jeddah Islamic Port, as well as establish the relationship between logistics and these operations. The proposal lays down the criteria for the study, establishing the problem, objectives, assumptions, and methodologies of research. These are discussed in the following sections of the proposal. Stevedoring entails all persons involved in the loading and unloading of containers at the port (Logistics Training council 3). Currently, the port’s activities are mostly automated; however, the equipment is operated by human beings. The efficiency with which stevedoring carry out their operations, together with logistical operations, has a direct effect on productivity at Jeddah Islamic Port (MacElwee and Taylor 37). Some of these effects are positive, others negative, while some have no significant impacts. These effects could be financial or social and are both local and international (Thomas 13). The current trend in stevedoring is such as to raise the efficiency of operations and increase the productivity of Jeddah Islamic Port. This research will be necessary to establish the impacts of stevedoring and logistical operations on productivity in the port. Information acquired from this study will be useful in the management of the port. This information can be used to optimize port operations to guarantee maximum profitability form operations. The result would be increased productivity, leading to improved service delivery. The port

Management in Middle East and North Africa Essay

Management in Middle East and North Africa - Essay Example This paper illustrates that the service industry is the fastest growing segment in the world and is the highest contributor to global output and employment among all the global business sectors. The increase in the level of privatization and urbanization along with more demand for final and intermediate consumer services have been the major drivers of the increasing importance of the global service sector. The availability of high quality of services is critical for the overall development of an economy. In the developed economies, the growth of both primary and secondary sectors is based on the growth of the main industries in the service sector like banking, trade, tourism, entertainment, education, insurance, hospitality, transport, retail etc. Both developed and developing countries are focusing on setting up a profitable and sustainable services sector in order to remain competitive in the evolving economic world. The changing demands and preferences of the global consumers have made service industry a necessity as well as an opportunity for different countries in order to develop their economies and position themselves as strong nations in the world. The increasing number and levels of cross-border transactions driven by globalization and liberalization have increased the demand for highly functional and beneficial service industries in different countries. The countries in the Middle East are competing on a global level through effective innovation and impotence given to the services sectors in these countries. The Middle Eastern countries like Qatar and Morocco have identified the importance of developing their service sectors to maintain sustainability in the evolving global world. The North African countries like Lebanon are seeing an increase in the investments and trade practices. The North African countries are developing after the advent of globalization. In this respect, they are focusing on improving the service sectors in the regions. Unlike ot her economies, Lebanon does not focus on a wide array of service industries. The country thrives mainly on commerce, tourism, and banking industries in the services sector. Morocco and Qatar, on the other hand, have multiple high performing industries in their services sector. International trade is a major service sector in Lebanon whereas other service industries like Information technology, retail, and utilities have not been established stringy in the country.

How the Interplay Between Two Different Perspectives Essay Example for Free

How the Interplay Between Two Different Perspectives Essay Explain how the interplay between two different perspectives on characters and situations found in two of Lawson’s stories set for study and one other related text of your own choosing highlights the distinctly visual. In Henry Lawson’s stories, the â€Å"Drover’s Wife† and â€Å"The Loaded Dog†, and in Wilfred Owens’s â€Å"The Last Laugh†, the different perspectives on characters and situations interplay to give the audience a story through which they are caught up. Through the use of alliteration, some metaphors and similes, as well as onomatopoeia and personification, Lawson and Owens give their audience a feeling of the distinctly visual. Both authors convey distinctive experiences through different ways. Lawson describes scenes to the audience in such detail that he makes it possible for the readers to place themselves in the particular situation he is creating, even if they have never had that experience. This technique helps to link the reader with that specific feeling. An example is in â€Å"The Drover’s Wife†, the quote â€Å"It must be near daylight†. This brings the audience to the present situation, after they are lost in the past memories of the woman, using the perspective of the woman. The views of the characters are depicted through the eyes of the wife. The characters are those whom she interacts with, such as her children, the dog, the swagman, and to an extent, her own husband. The situation is there being a snake stuck in their house, and she is scared yet brave enough to kill it and prevent it killing her children. One example would be â€Å"Close and hot†. Using the sense of touch, it makes the reader feel like they are breathless, cut off, with no sense of space, being over-heated due to the sense of being worried and tense. â€Å"Suddenly† brings a break and a height in the tension. The speed and length of this sentence contrasts with others like â€Å"a thrill runs through his body†. In the â€Å"Loaded Dog†, it is evident that Lawson uses an abundance of dry humour, as well as sarcasm. The view of the characters the story gives us is that of three men and a dog. In this story, the situation is that of the dog getting a hold of a bomb cartridge, and nearly killing them. The quote â€Å"It was very good blasting powder† changes the mood of the situation as it is the breaking point of the tension. It is a lead-up from the dog sniffing the cartridge. The use of dry and sarcastic humour helps to provide the audience with a view-point of the action taking place. It gives it a humorous undertone in order to help the audience adjust better and not feel as shocked, when the re-tell of the explosion takes place. In the â€Å"Last Laugh†, Wilfred Owen uses character views to give his opinion on war- its injustices and sadness. He states that it is in fact the weapons that have the last laugh. The situation is World War 1, and how there are many young men, excited about war who go to fight, and end up dead, their lives wasted. Owen uses mainly personification, where upon he depicts the human qualities and attributes of the guns. Using words such as â€Å"guffawed†, â€Å"chirped† and â€Å"chuckled†, he communicates to the audience the mockery the guns are making of the men, as they die. â€Å"Mother, mother, Dad! † gives the reader the horrific image of a young man, almost a boy, dying uselessly on the battlefield, and never having the chance to experience life. This communicates to the audience the distinctly visual as, with the â€Å"Drover’s Wife† and â€Å"Loaded Dog† , it gives the responder the mental image of the events happening in the poem. The relationship between the view and the situation help to give the audience a clearer image of what Lawson and Owens are trying to depict, or communicate. In other words, this emphasizes the distinctly visual as the author, interplaying the view and situations, passes on a mental image of the scene being set. Owens and Lawson succeed in depicting sharp, and clear, images to the audience through the use of character views, situations and various techniques. This is turn gives the audience a distinctively visual experience.

Throat cancer :: essays research papers fc

Do you know anyone with cancer more specifically throat cancer? I do and so I wanted to learn more about it. Throat cancer also known as cancer of the pharynx can be included in the group of head and neck cancers. 60,000 Americans are diagnosed with cancer from this group annually. There are more than 500,000 survivors living in the United States today. The tumors are often found on the tonsils and at the base of the tongue. Throat cancer; though, can also be found in three regions of the pharynx.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The three regions include the nasopharynx, which is the area behind the back of the throat and nose, the oropharynx, which is the base of the tongue and the tonsil region, and the hyopharynx, which is the bottom part of the throat. Alcohol use, smoking (tobacco or marijuana), and chewing tobacco can cause throat cancer. Leukoplakia, which is white spots or patches in the mouth, can be considered a risk factor. There are symptoms to throat cancer like any other disease.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A persistent feeling of something in the pharynx is a symptom of throat cancer. If you are having pains or having difficulty swallowing, a change of voice, or hoarseness then there is a possibility you could have throat cancer. Also throat cancer may cause an earache or it might feel like sometimes there is obstruction in your airway passage. There are many ways to treat cancer if it is needed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Several tests may be performed to diagnose the presence of cancer. An endoscopy uses a thin-lighted flexible instrument to evaluate the extent of the tumor. A suspected throat cancer must be confirmed by removing a small piece of tissue (biopsy). This tissue is sent to the laboratory for evaluation and diagnosis† (www.uihealthcare.com). Treatments for cancer include surgery, radiation therapy (intensity modulated radiation therapy or high dose radiation brachytherapy), and chemotherapy. There are alternate therapies such as naturopathic medicine, nutritional therapy, mind-body medicine, image enhancement, and spiritual support.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The best way to see if you have cancer is to consult a doctor.

Automotive Dealer Business Plan Executive Summary

The executive summary for your Automotive Dealer Business should be written last. It should include the main people involvedin your Automotive Dealer Business and their experience related to the Automotive Dealer Business. There should be a brief description of what the Automotive Dealer Business entails. Your Automotive Dealer Business should include some brief financial statements such as loans you will require and profit/loss statements for the first 3 years. Objectives The should be your short term and long term objectives for your Automotive Dealer Business. Mission What is the main mission for your Automotive Dealer Business.Keys To Success A few bullet points to briefly describe why your Automotive Dealer Business will be a success. Company Summary Company Ownership Who owns your Automotive Dealer Business and what type of business will it be  ± will you be an LLC etc. Location(S) And Facilities Address of your business if possible or a rough idea of the surroundings and the benefits this location will be for yourAutomotive Dealer Business. Start-Up Summary For An Automotive Dealer Business Provide basic details of the capital you require for your Automotive Dealer Business and how you intend to acquire that capitalif you don ¶t have it already.Start-Up Expenses For An Automotive Dealer Business This should be a list of all your start up capital required before you start trading as well as the amount if any you will beneeding to loan. Products / Services Product Description Describe all the products you will sell and give an indication of future products you will sell and the reasons why these will besold in the future and not now. Service Descriptions Describe all the services you will provide and give an indication of future services you will provide and the reasons why thesewill be provided in the future and not now.Market Analysis Summary For An Automotive Dealer Business Market Segmentation G ive the details of who your target market will be for the Automotive Dealer Business. Target Market Segment Strategy Explain how your marketing will get new and existing clients to buy from you. Market Trends Explain how in general the direction the Automotive Dealer Business is taking. Is it up or down and what are the reasons forthis and can you cater for the existing and new trends. Service Business Analysis Explain how the Automotive Dealer Business is run in a nutshell.Main Competitors Who are the main competitors for your Automotive Dealer Business. Try to explain their strengths and weaknesses. Strategy And Implementation Summary For An Automotive DealerBusiness Marketing Strategy How will you market your Automotive Dealer Business. Pricing Strategy What are your prices and the reasons for your prices. Promotion Strategy Are you planning a grand opening with special discounts on your opening night? Do you need to give special offers to attractnew and existing customers to your Automotive Dealer Business once you are established .Competitive Edge Explain why customers will come to your Automotive Dealer Business as compared to someone elses. We b Strategy The web is becoming ever more important for any business. How exactly are you going to use this medium in your AutomotiveDealer Business strategy. Sales Strategy How are you going to generate more sales for your Automotive Dealer Business. Strategic Alliances What other companies can you work with to help your Automotive Dealer Business. Management Summary Management Team Who are the main people involved in your Automotive Dealer Business.O rganizational Structure Which people are in charge of which departments in your Automotive Dealer Business. Personnel Plan List all the people involved or you will require to run your business smoothly with salaries or share options. Strategic Direction SW O T Analysis This is a summary of the business's most important strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Strengths Of The Business Excellent quality productà ¢â‚¬ Which means that† Adds to reputation. G ood management skills. â€Å"Which means that† Well run business G ood ability to extract information. Which means that† Can control the business. – Weaknesses Of The Business New Player†Which means that† Credibility problem may affect initial salesLack of systems†Which means that† The company needs to develop systemised operational & sales techniques or sacrifice profits O pportunities In The Marketplace Add-on products such as **†Which means that† A potentially enormous market for the Automotive Dealer Business to tap into. G rowing market segments. â€Å"Which means that† our Automotive Dealer Business should target these segments. Threats In The Marketplace Increasing supplier prices. Which means that† Resulting in reduced profitability. Declining size of the ** segment. â€Å"Which means that† Need to focus on growing segments to spread the company's p ortfolio Ne w Products To evaluate and launch new products or services which will turn over $xxxxxx in the first year. O ther Obj ectives (Goals) To not exceed a marketing budget of $xxxxxxTo not exceed a payroll budget of $xxxxxTo not exceed a general overhead budget of $xxxxxx Marketing Plan For An Automotive Dealer Business Marketing Obj ectivesSales Obj ective To achieve sales by XX% to $XXX Sales Obj ectives By Market Segment 1 Segment: To achieve sales to $xxxxxx#2 Segment: To achieve sales to $xxxxxx#3 Segment: To achieve sales to $xxxxxxOther To achieve sales to $xxx Promotional Strategies Advertising Develop a corporate brochure. Month 20XXDevelop personalised business cards. Month 20XXCreate Basic Website as a tool to promote servicesMonth 20XXAdvertise in local publicationsMonth 20XXAdvertise monthly in magazines that are specifically targeted to the ** and ** segments. Month 20XXAdvertise monthly in magazines that are aimed at the general industry. Month 20XX Lead Genera tion Program Conduct monthly on-going lead generation program.Send out monthly direct mail leaflets with response coupons. Month 20XX†Centres Of Influence† ProgramPersonally contact at least ten potential partners each week. Produce a monthly newsletter that shows examples of (your products) and how customers have benefited from using them. Month 20XX PR Program PR release to be initiated each month to various trade journals and magazines. Month 20XX Sales Force Employ telemarketing staff. Month 20XXOrganise training program to be implemented. Month 20XX Lost Customers Contact monthly all past customers that have not re-ordered to ask why not and see whether we can win back their business.Month 20XX Follo w Up Enquiries Contact all enquirers monthly and determine if they have purchased from a competitor and, if so, why. Month 20XX Existing Customers Follow up all new customers two weeks after they purchase to ensure they are satisfied with the product. Month 20XXSend qua rterly newsletter to existing customers to keep them informed of our other products. Month 20XX Sales Promotion Develop an ongoing sales promotion to target existing customers. Month 20XX General Marketing Strategies For An Automotive Dealer Business Competitor Pro f ile Keep updated competitor profile. Month 20XX Marketing In f ormation SystemDocument on every enquiry â€Å"How did you hear about us? â€Å"Month 20XXDocument on every order â€Å"How did you hear about us? â€Å"Month 20XXProduce monthly sales reports by product, by market segment, and by territory. Month 20XX Financial Strategies For An Automotive Dealer Business Cash Flo w Eliminate cash shortage in the traditional tight periods of to Month 20XX Payment Days Maintain payment of bills, on average, to xx days. Month 20XX Expenses Develop and implement new policies on approval and signatories on expenses. Month 20XX Leases Pay off the existing lease on capital equipment, thus reducing the monthly financial burden .Month 20XX O verdra f t Reduce the overdraft from $xxxxxx to $xxxxxxxMonth 20XX Wages Pay all wages on a monthly basis instead of weekly. Month 20XX Ne w Equipment Organise funding for the $xxxxxxx expenditure on new equipment. Month 20XX Pay b ack Ensure a payback on new equipment through sales of one year. Month 20XX Inventory Improve the number of stock turns to xxxxx a year. Month 20XX Rent Negotiate new terms on the premises and reduce existing payments by xx%Month 20XX Bank Charges Renegotiate with the bank and consolidate some outstanding loans with lower interest rates. Month 20XX O ganisational Plan O rganisational And Management Next Year's ObjectivesBudget – To not exceed the payroll budget of $xxxxxxxStaff – To employ or re-deploy a total of xxxxx full-time and part-time staff over the next year. HUMAN RES O URCE STRATEGIES O rganisational Draw organisational chart. Month 20XXDevelop incentive scheme related to job requirements. Month 20XX Policies And Pro cedures Develop policies and procedures manual. Month 20XXEmploy or re-deploy staff Employ one specialist ** salesperson. Month 20XXEmploy one marketing assistant. Month 20XXEmploy one accounts receivable person. Month 20XX

Banking Reforms in India Essay

Cash reserve Ratio (CRR) is the amount of funds that the banks have to keep with the RBI. If the central bank decides to increase the CRR, the available amount with the banks comes down. The RBI uses the CRR to drain out excessive money from the system. Commercial banks are required to maintain with the RBI an average cash balance, the amount of which shall not be less than 3% of the total of the Net Demand and Time Liabilities (NDTL), on a fortnightly basis and the RBI is empowered to increase the rate of CRR to such higher rate not exceeding 20% of the NDTL. What is Reverse Repo rate? Reverse Repo rate is the rate at which the RBI borrows money from commercial banks. Banks are always happy to lend money to the RBI since their money are in safe hands with a good interest. An increase in reverse repo rate can prompt banks to park more funds with the RBI to earn higher returns on idle cash. It is also a tool which can be used by the RBI to drain excess money out of the banking system. What is a Repo Rate? The rate at which the RBI lends money to commercial banks is called repo rate. It is an instrument ofmonetary policy. Whenever banks have any shortage of funds they can borrow from the RBI. A reduction in the repo rate helps banks get money at a cheaper rate and vice versa. The repo rate in India is similar to the discount rate in the US.

Cultural Relativism Definition and Examples

Cultural Relativism Definition and Examples Cultural relativism refers to the idea that the values, knowledge, and behavior of people must be understood within their own cultural context. This is one of the most fundamental concepts in sociology, as it recognizes and affirms the connections between the greater social structure and trends and the everyday lives of individual people. Origins and Overview The concept of cultural relativism as we know and use it today was established as an analytic tool by German-American  anthropologist Franz Boas in the early 20th century. In the context of early social science, cultural relativism became an important tool for pushing back on the ethnocentrism that often tarnished research at that time, which was mostly conducted by white, wealthy, Western men, and often focused on people of color, foreign indigenous populations, and persons of lower economic class than the researcher. Ethnocentrism is the practice of viewing and judging someone elses culture based on the values and beliefs of ones own. From this standpoint, we might frame other cultures as weird, exotic, intriguing, and even as problems to be solved. In contrast, when we recognize that the many cultures of the world have their own beliefs, values, and practices that have developed in particular historical, political, social, material, and ecological contexts  and that it makes sense that they would differ from our own and that none are necessarily right or wrong or good or bad, then we are engaging the concept of cultural relativism. Examples Cultural relativism explains why, for example, what constitutes breakfast varies widely from place to place. What is considered a typical breakfast in Turkey, as illustrated in the above image, is quite different from what is considered a typical breakfast in the U.S. or Japan. While it might seem strange to eat fish soup or stewed vegetables for breakfast in the U.S., in other places, this is perfectly normal. Conversely, our tendency toward sugary cereals and milk  or preference for egg sandwiches loaded with bacon and cheese would seem quite bizarre to other cultures. Similarly, but perhaps of more consequence, rules that regulate nudity in public vary widely around the world. In the U.S., we tend to frame nudity in general as an inherently sexual thing, and so when people are nude in public, people may interpret this as a sexual signal. But in many other places around the world, being nude or partially nude in public is a normal part of life, be it at swimming pools, beaches, in parks, or even throughout the course of daily life (see many indigenous cultures around the world). In these cases, being nude or partially nude is not framed as sexual but as the appropriate bodily state for engaging in a given activity. In other cases, like many cultures where Islam is the predominant faith, a more thorough coverage of the body is expected than in other cultures. Due in large part to ethnocentrism, this has become a highly politicized and volatile practice in todays world. Why Recognizing Cultural Relativism Matters By acknowledging  cultural relativism, we can recognize that our culture shapes what we consider to be beautiful, ugly, appealing, disgusting, virtuous, funny, and abhorrent. It shapes what we consider to be good and bad art, music, and film, as well as  what we consider to be tasteful or tacky consumer goods. The work of sociologist Pierre Bourdieu features ample discussion of these phenomena, and the consequences of them. This varies not just in terms of national cultures but within a large society like the U.S. and also by cultures and subcultures organized by class, race, sexuality, region, religion, and ethnicity, among others.